Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of TracInstall


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Timestamp:
Jul 6, 2018, 5:54:15 AM (6 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracInstall

    v2 v3  
    1 = Trac Installation Guide for 0.12 =
     1= Trac Installation Guide for 1.0
     2
    23[[TracGuideToc]]
    34
    45Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    56
    6 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you **first** have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
    7 
    8 If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
    9 
    10 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:wiki:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     7Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
     8
     9If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhancing the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
     10
     11What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    1112
    1213[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
    1314
    14 == Dependencies ==
     15== Dependencies
     16
    1517=== Mandatory Dependencies
     18
    1619To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    1720
    18  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.4 and < 3.0
    19    //(note that we dropped the support for Python 2.3 in this release and that this will be the last Trac release supporting Python 2.4)//
    20  * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
    21  * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6 (but < 0.7dev, i.e. don't use Genshi trunk)
    22 
    23 You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings.
    24 The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
     21 * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
     22   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
     23 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
     24 * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
     25
     26You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings. The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
    2527
    2628==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
    2729
    28 If you're using Python 2.5 or 2.6, you already have everything you need.
    29 
    30 If you're using Python 2.4 and need pysqlite, you can download from
    31 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code] the Windows installers or the tar.gz archive for building from source:
    32 {{{
    33 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    34 $ cd <version>
    35 $ python setup.py build_static install
    36 }}}
    37  
    38 This will extract the SQLite code and build the bindings.
    39 
    40 To install SQLite, your system may require the development headers. Without these you will get various GCC related errors when attempting to build:
    41 
    42 {{{
    43 $ apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
    44 }}}
    45 
    46 SQLite 2.x is no longer supported, and neither is !PySqlite 1.1.x.
    47 
    48 A known bug !PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrade of trac databases
    49 from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and
    50 older. See [trac:#9434] for more detail.
    51 
    52 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite].
     30As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python: the `sqlite3` module.
     31
     32Optionally, you may install a newer version of [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysqlite pysqlite] than the one provided by the Python distribution. See [trac:PySqlite#ThePysqlite2bindings PySqlite] for details.
    5333
    5434==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
     
    5636You need to install the database and its Python bindings:
    5737 * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
    58  * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2]
     38 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
    5939
    6040See [trac:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend] for details.
    6141
    62 
    6342==== For the MySQL database #ForMySQL
    6443
    65 Trac can now work quite well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines.
    66 
    67  * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL], version 5.0 or later
     44Trac works well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines:
     45
     46 * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL] or [http://mariadb.org/ MariaDB], version 5.0 or later
    6847 * [http://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.2 or later
    6948
    70 It is '''very''' important to read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
     49Given the caveats and known issues surrounding MySQL, read the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
    7150
    7251=== Optional Dependencies
    7352
    74 ==== Version Control System ====
    75 
    76 ===== Subversion =====
    77 
    78 [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion] 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings.
    79 
    80 There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. See also the TracSubversion page for details about Windows packages.
    81 
    82 Older versions starting from 1.4.0, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page. Versions prior to 1.4.0 won't probably work since trac uses svn core functionality (e.g. svn_path_canonicalize) that is not implemented in the python swig wrapper in svn <= 1.3.x (although it exists in the svn lib itself).
     53==== Version Control System
     54
     55===== Subversion
     56 * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or later and the '''corresponding''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. may still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     57
     58There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. [trac:TracSubversion] points you to [http://alagazam.net Alagazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
    8359
    8460Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
    8561
    86 '''Please note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:#493 not supported].
    87 
    88 
    89 ===== Others =====
    90 
    91 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
    92 
    93 ==== Web Server ====
    94 A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server ] section below.
    95 
    96 Alternatively you configure Trac to run in any of the following environments.
     62'''Note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
     63
     64===== Git
     65 * [http://git-scm.com/ Git] 1.5.6 or later.
     66
     67More information is available on the [trac:TracGit] page.
     68
     69===== Others
     70
     71Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList#VersionControlSystems] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     72
     73==== Web Server
     74
     75A web server is optional because Trac has a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server] section below.
     76
     77Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments:
    9778 * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
    98    - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] (preferred)
    99    - //[http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.3.1], see TracModPython (deprecated)//
    100  * any [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server, see TracFastCgi
    101  * any [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    102    server, see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp]
    103  * IIS with [http://code.google.com/p/isapi-wsgi/ Isapi-wsgi], see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi]
    104  * //as a last resort, a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    105    is highly discouraged, better use one of the previous options.//
     79   - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
     80     http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac
     81   - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.5.0], see TracModPython
     82 * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
     83 * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
     84   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     85 * a FastCGI and FastCGI-to-WSGI gateway (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisWfastcgi])
     86 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), but //usage of Trac as a cgi script
     87   is highly discouraged//, better use one of the previous options.
    10688   
    107 
    108 ==== Other Python Packages ====
    109 
    110  * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version 0.9.5,
    111    needed for localization support[[BR]]
    112    ''Note: '' If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you first have installed the optional package Babel. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
     89==== Other Python Packages
     90
     91 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version 0.9.5, 0.9.6 or >= 1.3
     92   needed for localization support
    11393 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    11494   for WikiRestructuredText.
    115  * [http://pygments.pocoo.org Pygments] for
    116    [wiki:TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
     95 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
     96   [TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    11797   [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] and/or
    11898   [http://gnu.org/software/enscript/enscript.html Enscript] may still be used
     
    122102   an internal time zone implementation.
    123103
    124 '''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
    125 
    126 Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing'' (there are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!).
    127 
    128 
    129 == Installing Trac ==
     104{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     105**Attention**: The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     106}}}
     107
     108Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing.
     109
     110== Installing Trac
     111
     112The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [TracStandalone tracd] standalone server are installed along with Trac. There are several methods for installing Trac.
     113
     114It is assumed throughout this guide that you have elevated permissions as the `root` user, or by prefixing commands with `sudo`. The umask `0022` should be used for a typical installation on a Unix-based platform.
     115
    130116=== Using `easy_install`
    131 One way to install Trac is using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    132 With setuptools you can install Trac from the subversion repository;
    133 
    134 A few examples:
    135 
    136  - first install of the latest stable version Trac 0.12.3, with i18n support:
    137    {{{
    138    easy_install Babel==0.9.5
    139    easy_install Trac
    140    }}}
    141    ''It's very important to run the two `easy_install` commands separately, otherwise the message catalogs won't be generated.''
    142 
    143  - upgrade to the latest stable version of Trac:
    144    {{{
    145    easy_install -U Trac
    146    }}}
    147 
    148  - upgrade to the latest trunk development version (0.13dev):
    149    {{{
    150    easy_install -U Trac==dev
    151    }}}
    152 
    153 For upgrades, reading the TracUpgrade page is mandatory, of course.
     117
     118Trac can be installed from [https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Trac PyPI] or the Subversion repository using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
     119
     120A few command-line examples:
     121
     122 - Install the latest stable version of Trac:
     123 {{{#!sh
     124$ easy_install Trac
     125}}}
     126 - Install latest development version:
     127 {{{#!sh
     128$ easy_install http://download.edgewall.org/trac/Trac-latest-dev.tar.gz
     129}}}
     130   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
     131   either use a released version or install from source.
     132
     133More information can be found on the [trac:wiki:setuptools setuptools] page.
     134
     135{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     136**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in [#DeployingTrac Deploying Trac].
     137}}}
     138
     139=== Using `pip`
     140
     141'pip' is an easy_install replacement that is very useful to quickly install Python packages.
     142To get a Trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
     143
     144Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`:
     145
     146 -
     147 {{{#!sh
     148$ pip install trac psycopg2
     149}}}
     150or:
     151 -
     152 {{{#!sh
     153$ pip install trac mysql-python
     154}}}
     155
     156Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
     157
     158pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.), download the latest packages from pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     159
     160All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive).
     161
     162Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [https://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=browse&show=all&c=516 here]) through pip.
    154163
    155164=== From source
    156 If you want more control, you can download the source in archive form, or do a checkout from one of the official [[Trac:TracRepositories|source code repositories]].
    157 
    158 Be sure to have the prerequisites already installed. You can also obtain the Genshi and Babel source packages from http://www.edgewall.org and follow for them a similar installation procedure, or you can just `easy_install` those, see [#Usingeasy_install above].
    159 
    160 Once you've unpacked the Trac archive or performed the checkout, move in the top-level folder and do:
    161 {{{
     165
     166Using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`) from the [trac:TracDownload] page, or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:TracRepositories#OfficialSubversionrepository TracRepositories] for details.
     167
     168{{{#!sh
    162169$ python ./setup.py install
    163170}}}
    164171
    165 You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.
    166 
    167 This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
    168 of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
    169 
    170 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    171 
    172 If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure  Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
    173 {{{
     172You will need root permissions or equivalent for this step.
     173
     174This will byte-compile the Python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
     175of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
     176
     177If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
     178{{{#!sh
    174179$ python ./setup.py install
    175180}}}
    176 Alternatively, you can do a `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from dist/ to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
    177 
    178 === Advanced Options ===
    179 
    180 ==== Custom location with `easy_install`
     181
     182Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
     183
     184=== Using installer
     185
     186On Windows Trac can be installed using the exe installers available on the [trac:TracDownload] page. Installers are available for the 32 and 64 bit versions of Python. Make sure to use the installer that matches the architecture of your Python installation.
     187
     188=== Using package manager
     189
     190Trac may be available in the package repository for your platform. Note however, that the version provided by the package manager may not be the latest release.
     191
     192=== Advanced `easy_install` Options
    181193
    182194To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    183 {{{
    184 easy_install --help
    185 }}}
    186 
    187 Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
     195{{{#!sh
     196$ easy_install --help
     197}}}
     198
     199Also see [http://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
    188200
    189201Specifically, you might be interested in:
    190 {{{
    191 easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    192 }}}
    193 or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
    194 {{{
    195 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    196 }}}
    197 Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default
     202{{{#!sh
     203$ easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
     204}}}
     205
     206or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
     207{{{#!sh
     208$ easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
     209}}}
     210
     211'''Note''': If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages }}} by default.
    198212
    199213The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
    200214
    201 ==== Using `pip`
    202 'pip' is an easy_install replacement that is very useful to quickly install python packages.
    203 To get a trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
    204 
    205 Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in /opt/user/trac:
    206 
    207  -
    208 {{{
    209 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac psycopg2
    210 }}}
    211 or
    212  -
    213 {{{
    214 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac mysql-python
    215 }}}
    216 
    217 Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (libpq-dev) or MySQL (libmysqlclient-dev) bindings.
    218 
    219 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in /opt/user/trac .
    220 
    221 All commands (tracd, trac-admin) are available in /opt/user/trac/bin. This can also be leveraged for mod_python (using !PythonHandler directive) and mod_wsgi (using WSGIDaemonProcess directive)
    222 
    223 Additionally, you can install several trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
    224 
    225 
    226 
    227 == Creating a Project Environment ==
    228 
    229 A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend storage where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and various other files and directories.
    230 
    231 A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    232 {{{
     215== Creating a Project Environment
     216
     217A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
     218
     219A new environment is created using [TracAdmin trac-admin]:
     220{{{#!sh
    233221$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    234222}}}
     
    237225
    238226Using the default database connection string in particular will always work as long as you have SQLite installed.
    239 For the other [DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
    240 
    241 Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterward, or the version control support can be disabled completely if you don't need it.
     227For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
     228
     229Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterwards, and support for specific version control systems is disabled by default.
    242230
    243231Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
    244232
     233{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     234**Filesystem Warning:** When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     235}}}
     236
    245237Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
    246 {{{
    247 # chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
    248 }}}
     238{{{#!sh
     239$ chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
     240}}}
     241
     242The actual username and groupname of the Apache server may not be exactly `apache`, and are specified in the Apache configuration file by the directives `User` and `Group` (if Apache `httpd` is what you use).
    249243
    250244{{{#!div class=important
     
    252246}}}
    253247
    254 
    255248== Deploying Trac
    256249
    257 === Running the Standalone Server ===
    258 
    259 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
    260 {{{
     250{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     251**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation.
     252
     253If running `tracd`, the environment variable can be set system-wide or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     254
     255To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     256{{{#!sh
     257export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     258}}}
     259
     260Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     261{{{#!sh
     262$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     263}}}
     264
     265If running the Apache web server, !Ubuntu/Debian users should add the `export` statement to `/etc/apache2/envvars`. !RedHat/CentOS/Fedora should can add the `export` statement to `/etc/sysconfig/httpd`.
     266}}}
     267
     268=== Running the Standalone Server
     269
     270After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [TracStandalone tracd]:
     271{{{#!sh
    261272$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    262273}}}
    263274
    264275Then, fire up a browser and visit `http://localhost:8000/`. You should get a simple listing of all environments that `tracd` knows about. Follow the link to the environment you just created, and you should see Trac in action. If you only plan on managing a single project with Trac you can have the standalone server skip the environment list by starting it like this:
    265 {{{
     276{{{#!sh
    266277$ tracd -s --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    267278}}}
    268279
    269 === Running Trac on a Web Server ===
     280=== Running Trac on a Web Server
    270281
    271282Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
    272  - [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI]
    273  - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
    274  - //[wiki:TracModPython mod_python] (no longer recommended, as mod_python is not actively maintained anymore)//
    275  - //[wiki:TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     283 - [TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     284 - [wiki:TracModWSGI Apache with mod_wsgi]
     285 - [TracModPython Apache with mod_python]
     286 - //[TracCgi CGI]: should not be used, as it degrades performance//
    276287
    277288Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
    278289
    279 ==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ==== #cgi-bin
    280 
    281 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    282 
    283 There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    284 {{{
    285 mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    286 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
    287 trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project deploy /tmp/deploy
    288 mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    289 }}}
    290 
    291 
    292 ==== Mapping Static Resources ====
    293 
    294 Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
    295 
    296 Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
    297 
    298 There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
    299 
    300 Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
     290==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
     291
     292In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [TracAdmin trac-admin].
     293
     294There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
     295{{{#!sh
     296$ mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
     297$ trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
     298$ trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project deploy /tmp/deploy
     299$ mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
     300}}}
     301
     302Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
     303
     304==== Mapping Static Resources
     305
     306Without additional configuration, Trac will handle requests for static resources such as stylesheets and images. For anything other than a TracStandalone deployment, this is not optimal as the web server can be set up to directly serve the static resources. For CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' as it causes abysmal performance.
     307
     308Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create //Aliases// to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect their location on the file system. We can map requests for static resources directly to directories on the file system, to avoid Trac processing the requests.
     309
     310There are two primary URL paths for static resources: `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible at the `/chrome/<plugin>` path.
     311
     312A single `/chrome` alias can used if the static resources are extracted for all plugins. This means that the `deploy` command must be executed after installing or updating a plugin that provides static resources, or after modifying resources in the `$env/htdocs` directory. This is probably appropriate for most installations but may not be what you want if, for example, you wish to upload plugins through the //Plugins// administration page.
     313
     314The resources are extracted using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
    301315[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
    302316
    303 The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
    304  - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
    305  - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
    306  - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
    307 
    308 ===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` ===== #ScriptAlias-example
    309 
    310 Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
    311 {{{
    312 $ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
    313 }}}
    314 
    315 Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
    316 {{{
     317The target `<directory>` will contain an `htdocs` directory with:
     318 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac
     319 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's `htdocs/` directory
     320 - `shared` - the static resources shared by multiple Trac environments, with a location defined by the `[inherit]` `htdocs_dir` option
     321 - `<plugin>/` - one directory for each resource directory provided by the plugins enabled for this environment
     322
     323The example that follows will create a single `/chrome` alias. If that isn't the correct approach for your installation you simply need to create more specific aliases:
     324{{{#!apache
    317325Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
    318326Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     327Alias /trac/chrome/shared /path/to/trac/htdocs/shared
     328Alias /trac/chrome/<plugin> /path/to/trac/htdocs/<plugin>
     329}}}
     330
     331===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     332
     333Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     334{{{#!sh
     335$ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/shared/trac
     336}}}
     337
     338Add the following snippet to Apache configuration, changing paths to match your deployment. The snippet must be placed ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` directive, because those directives map all requests to the Trac application:
     339{{{#!apache
     340Alias /trac/chrome /path/to/trac/htdocs
    319341
    320342<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
    321   Order allow,deny
    322   Allow from all
     343  # For Apache 2.2
     344  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     345    Order allow,deny
     346    Allow from all
     347  </IfModule>
     348  # For Apache 2.4
     349  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     350    Require all granted
     351  </IfModule>
    323352</Directory>
    324353}}}
    325354
    326 If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
    327 {{{
    328 <Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
     355If using mod_python, add this too, otherwise the alias will be ignored:
     356{{{#!apache
     357<Location "/trac/chrome/common">
    329358  SetHandler None
    330359</Location>
    331360}}}
    332361
    333 Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
    334 
    335 Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
    336 {{{
     362Alternatively, if you wish to serve static resources directly from your project's `htdocs` directory rather than the location to which the files are extracted with the `deploy` command, you can configure Apache to serve those resources. Again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation:
     363{{{#!apache
    337364Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
    338365
    339366<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
    340   Order allow,deny
    341   Allow from all
     367  # For Apache 2.2
     368  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     369    Order allow,deny
     370    Allow from all
     371  </IfModule>
     372  # For Apache 2.4
     373  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     374    Require all granted
     375  </IfModule>
    342376</Directory>
    343377}}}
    344378
    345 Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[wiki:TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
    346 {{{
     379Another alternative to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common` is having Trac generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     380{{{#!ini
    347381[trac]
    348382htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
    349383}}}
    350 Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
     384
     385Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources, preferentially cookie-less.
    351386
    352387Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
    353 {{{
     388{{{#!sh
    354389$ ln -s /path/to/trac/htdocs/common /var/www/static.example.org/trac-common
    355390}}}
    356391
    357 
    358 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache ====
    359 
    360 Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
    361 
    362 == Configuring Authentication ==
    363 
    364 Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the REMOTE_USER variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
     392==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     393
     394Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     395
     396== Configuring Authentication
     397
     398Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the `REMOTE_USER` variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
    365399
    366400The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac.
     
    369403 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    370404 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
    371  * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
     405 * TracFastCgi if you are using another web server with FCGI support, such as Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx.
     406
     407The following document also contains some useful information for beginners: [trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction].
    372408
    373409== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     410
    374411Grant admin rights to user admin:
    375 {{{
     412{{{#!sh
    376413$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
    377414}}}
    378 This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to admin your trac project.
     415
     416This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to administrate your Trac project.
    379417
    380418== Finishing the install
    381419
    382 === Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ===
    383 
    384 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    385  * '''`Refs #123`''' - to reference this changeset in `#123` ticket
    386  * '''`Fixes #123`''' - to reference this changeset and close `#123` ticket with the default status ''fixed''
    387 
    388 This functionality requires a post-commit hook to be installed as described in [wiki:TracRepositoryAdmin#ExplicitSync TracRepositoryAdmin], and enabling the optional commit updater components by adding the following line to the `[components]` section of your [wiki:TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    389 {{{
    390 tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.* = enabled
    391 }}}
    392 For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    393 
    394 === Using Trac ===
     420=== Enable version control components
     421
     422Support for version control systems is provided by optional components in Trac and the components are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them. See TracRepositoryAdmin for more details.
     423
     424The version control systems are enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel:
     425
     426{{{#!ini
     427[components]
     428tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled
     429}}}
     430
     431{{{#!ini
     432[components]
     433tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled
     434}}}
     435
     436After enabling the components, repositories can be configured through the //Repositories// admin panel or by editing [TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini]. Automatic changeset references can be inserted as ticket comments by configuring [TracRepositoryAdmin#Automaticchangesetreferencesintickets CommitTicketUpdater].
     437
     438=== Using Trac
    395439
    396440Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
    397441
    398 Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     442Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    399443
    400444'' Enjoy! ''